Why is diabetes prone to high blood pressure? What should I do to prevent it?

 

In diabetes, there is also a risk of high blood pressure in addition to complications such as "diabetic nephropathy" or "diabetic retinopathy," such as various blood vessels in the body being impaired. What should I do to prevent diabetes, high blood pressure, and each? Therefore, it explains the mechanisms that are easy to combine high blood pressure with diabetes or lifestyle habits to prevent high blood pressure.

What is the relationship between diabetes and high blood pressure?

There are a lot of people who are combining diabetes and high blood pressure. It is reported that people with diabetes have twice as much hypertension as those who do not.

Why is that?

Diabetes and high blood pressure are all a type of "habitual disease," and diabetes is caused by overeating, lack of exercise, and high blood pressure is caused by excessive salt intake. Therefore, if you live as mentioned above and become obese, it can be said that both are more likely to develop.

Why does your blood pressure increase when you have diabetes?

High blood sugar can increase circulating blood volume, or the effects of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetic nephropathy (lowering renal function).

Please tell me about the mechanism to raise blood pressure.

When blood sugar is high, the osmotic pressure of blood is increasing. The amount of body fluid or blood increases, such as moisture in the cell coming out of the cell, and blood pressure rises.

Please also tell me the relationship between obesity and high blood pressure.

If you become obese, the sympathetic nerve, one of the autonomic nerves, is dominant. Then, hormones that raise blood pressure (adrenaline, noradrenaline, etc.) are secreted a lot, making it easier to get high blood pressure. In particular, people with type 2 diabetes are likely to develop high blood pressure because they are often obese.

What do you think about the effect of insulin resistance on high blood pressure?

Insulin resistance is a condition in which the sensitivity of cells under the action of insulin decreases and the effect of insulin deteriorates. At the same time as it is a cause of diabetes, a large amount of insulin is secreted to make up for the loss of insulin, resulting in hyperinsulinemia. In hyperinsulinemia, the sympathetic nerves become excessively tense or sodium (salt) difficult to excrete from the kidneys. Then the blood vessels don't spread well, and the blood volume increases and the blood pressure increases.

Please also tell me the effects of diabetic nephropathy.

When nephropathy, one of the three major complications of diabetes, hormones (renin) that raise blood pressure in the kidneys are secreted or blood filtration is reduced. This increases blood volume and increases blood pressure.

What happens when diabetes and high blood pressure are combined?

It can promote arteriosclerosis or worsen "retinopathy" or "neo-neo-neo-neo-diabetes complications.

Why promote arteriosclerosis?

If hyperglycemia persists due to diabetes, the inside of the blood vessel is damaged, accumulating cholesterol in the blood. The accumulated cholesterol becomes a lump called "plaque" and accumulates in the blood vessels, making the arteries hard. In addition, as plaque accumulates over time, the arteries become harder and arteriosclerosis progresses. High blood pressure also damages blood vessels at the same time, continues to burden blood vessels, or cholesterol tends to enter blood vessels, which promotes arteriosclerosis.

What are the risks of arteriosclerosis?

It increases the risk of developing stroke or ischemic heart disease. In arteriosclerosis, blood flow deteriorates and is prone to clogging because blood vessels become hard or narrow. That's why heart vessels can be blocked, causing myocardial infarction, blood clots to the brain, causing cerebral infarction, and cerebral blood vessels to burst, causing cerebral hemorrhage.

Why does it worsen nephropathy or retinopathy?

This is because diabetes and high blood pressure damage not only thick blood vessels such as arteries, but also thin blood vessels throughout the body. The kidney is a collection of capillaries and is susceptible to blood pressure. If kidney function deteriorates, there is also a risk of blood pressure rising further. It also damages the thin blood vessels of the retina as well.

It is important to improve diet and lifestyle when treating diabetes and high blood pressure

In the case of diabetes, the blood pressure measured by the hospital is more than 130/80 mmHg as the standard for starting treatment. However, if your blood pressure is 130~139/80~89mmHg, you start with improving your lifestyle. After about a month, the blood pressure is measured again at the hospital, and if pressure is confirmed, continue to improve your lifestyle within three months, and if it is not expected to improve, medication will be started. On the other hand, if your blood pressure exceeds 140/90 mmHg, you should start medication immediately.

Please tell me the important points in improving your lifestyle.

Basically, salt control is important. Please eat less than 6g of salt a day. It is also useful to do aerobic exercise. It is recommended to do aerobic exercise such as walking for more than 20 minutes a day. However, if complications such as retinopathy or nephropathy progress, vigorous exercise may worsen these complications. Therefore, let's exercise properly according to your doctor's instructions.

Let's measure and record not only blood sugar but also blood pressure at home. In fact, I think it is important to refer to home blood pressure because it is often measured at home rather than at a hospital. By measuring and recording your home blood pressure, your doctor can adjust your treatment based on these values. It is a reference for treatment, so measure and record it every morning and evening as much as possible and bring it with you during the examination.

The purpose of diabetes treatment is to prevent arteriosclerosis and prevent various complications. This is also true of high blood pressure. Therefore, if both sides are combined, there is a risk of accelerating arteriosclerosis even if one of them is missing. Therefore, it is important to treat and improve not only blood sugar and blood pressure, but also everything comprehensively. Let's review your lifestyle under the direction of your doctor.

arrangement

Diabetes increases the risk of various complications because it is easy to develop high blood pressure, and both promote arteriosclerosis. In addition to proper treatment by your doctor, let's try to prevent arteriosclerosis by limiting salt or aerobic exercise as necessary.