Do you know the symptoms of pharyngeal cancer? What's the cause and treatment?

 

Pharyngeal cancer is a cancer that occurs in the pharynx and can be divided into upper head cancer, middle head cancer, and lower head cancer depending on the site of development. Excessive drinking and smoking are the causes of pharyngeal cancer, EB virus infection in sangdu cancer, and Puppyromavirus (HPV) infection in middle cancer are also one of the causes. In addition, when it comes to drinking, flash people who turn red due to drinking continue to drink, increasing the cancer rate. This time, we will explain the symptoms, test, diagnosis, and treatment of pharyngeal cancer.

What is pharyngeal cancer?

What kind of disease is pharyngeal cancer?

Pharynx refers to the way food and air flow from the inside of the nose to the esophagus. Air flows into the pharynx → larynx → trachea → lungs, and food flows above the pharynx → esophagus →. The pharynx is divided into Sangdo Island, Jungdo Island, and Heindu in the stomach, and if cancer occurs in each area, it is diagnosed as Sangdu cancer, Jungdu cancer, and Heindu cancer, respectively. Symptoms of pharyngeal cancer include difficulty swallowing meals, difficulty breathing, difficulty understanding words, and blocked ears.

symptoms of pharyngeal cancer

Symptoms of pharyngeal cancer often do not have strong symptoms such as a unique feeling of discomfort or mild pain in the early stages of the outbreak, but as the cancer grows, symptoms such as difficulty eating or frustration appear. In addition, there are cases where you are first aware of a lump in the neck due to lymph node potential in the neck.

symptoms of upper pharyngear

Symptoms of upper head cancer include nasal congestion or nosebleed, and cancer around the ear canal that controls the front of the middle ear in the upper or head, causing ear blockage, hearing loss, and intractable otitisation. When the bones of the skull melt and cancer progresses to the nerves that move the eyeball, there are symptoms of double vision, decreased vision, and cranial nerve such as facial sensory disorders or pain.

symptoms of middle head cancer

Symptoms of middle-aged head cancer include discomfort when swallowing, difficulty in understanding vocalization, pharyngeal pain, and hematoma.

symptoms of laryngeal cancer

In hypopharyngeal cancer, symptoms such as pharyngeal discomfort, voice bursting, pharyngeal pain, and hematoma appear, and when progressed, dyspnea or dyspnea is also shown. Since the discovery is likely to be delayed because there are many cases where cancer is not examined until it progresses, you should see an otolaryngologist as soon as possible if you have initial symptoms.

the cause of pharyngeal cancer

The cause of pharyngeal cancer is greatly affected by alcohol or smoking. Since the pharynx is the path through which food or air flows, cancer is caused by direct contact with carcinogenic alcohol and cigarette smoke. Alcohol and cigarette smoke also pass through the esophagus, so it is not uncommon for esophageal cancer to be combined when diagnosing pharyngeal cancer. The human papilloma virus is also known to be the cause of two cancers, and the middle ear is the area where lymphoid tissue has developed and is believed to have led to carcinogenesis as it is infected with the virus.

examination and diagnosis of pharyngeal cancer

Visual examination and promotion are important for the diagnosis of pharyngeal cancer. Use a fiber scope to observe the areas that are not clearly visible. After that, a biopsy, which is a properties test, and a burn test, which is a diffusion test, are performed. The property test collects local cells and checks whether they are cancer cells based on pathological tests. Magnification tests include ultrasound, X-ray imaging, CT, and MRI to determine the extent of the tumor and lymph node metastasis. In addition, in pharyngeal cancer, it is not uncommon to merge digestive system cancers such as gastric cancer or esophageal cancer, so upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed to check for mergers.

Based on these test results, check the progress of the arm. The progression of cancer is divided into four stages from Phase I to Phase II, and groups I and II are usually early cancer and groups III and IV are advanced cancer. The stage is determined by the size of the pharyngeal cancer tumor, the size and number of cervical lymph node metastases, and remote metastases such as lungs and bones.

treatment of pharyngeal cancer

Pharyngeal cancer is a cancer that occurs in the head and neck above the clavicle and below the brain, and is classified as head and neck cancer. Since the head and neck are also involved in essential functions and appearances in daily life, such as speaking and swallowing objects, the quality of life of patients, so-called quality of life=QL, is important in the treatment of head and neck cancer treatment. In addition, because the two necks are closely related to each other, the treatment is not completed just by removing cancer. Pharyngeal cancer treatment is an area where it is not easy to resect and connect bad parts, and especially in the case of advanced cancer, it is difficult to remove it because it often affects a wide range.

Therefore, in pharyngeal cancer surgery, the treatment policy is determined by appropriately combining surgical reconstruction, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy depending on the area. Even if chemotherapy and radiation therapy are combined, they are performed in stages without treatment at the same time. After phase II chemotherapy, introduced chemotherapy mainly selects medication for 기 stage, recurrence, or remote metastasis. In addition, EMR·ESD may be performed through endoscopy if the lesion is limited and there is no lymph node metastasis.

treatment of upper pharyngear

The treatment of scleral cancer is known to be difficult because it is close to the cranial nerve at the bottom of the skull. Due to the characteristics of upper pharyngeal cancer, there are many tumors that respond well to radiation therapy, so chemotherapy or radiation therapy is mainly performed. If the symptoms are progressing, perform chemoradiotherapy. In the 기에는 period, since the treatment performance has been poor, introduced chemotherapy with strong anticancer drugs → chemotherapy → auxiliary chemotherapy is performed.

Treatment of Middle-Aged Head Cancer and Heinrich Head cancer treatment

If the two cancers are early, surgical resection or radiation therapy can be eradicated, and functional disorders are rarely seen. In general, it is known that chemoradiotherapy is highly effective in cases of HPV (human papillomavirus) infection, and surgery or chemoradiotherapy is considered depending on the progress of the tumor or HPV condition. If there is a mistake, radiation therapy (combined chemotherapy) or oral strong endoscopic resection is often performed for undergoing cancer, and chemotherapy or reconstructive surgery using glass sheets is performed for advanced cancer. In advanced hypopharyngeal cancer, it is close to the larynx, so even if you lose vocalization function, you may have to resect the larynx.

As a glass epithelium, a part of the small intestine is transplanted and a hole in the throat is made for breathing. In the case of nasopharyngeal cancer, early treatment of the larynx is aimed at eradication by intact laryngeal partial resection, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, but if laryngeal resection is inevitable, reconstruction is performed through removal of the laryngeal laryngeal and glass plant transplantation. Subclinical resection preserves the larynx by resecting only a portion of the tumor-bearing larynx. Vocalization is possible after surgery, and one-time suture or reconstruction surgery is performed to sew the resection part according to the extent of resection.

Extrusion reconstructs the pharynx by resecting the tumor's lower head and larynx and transplanting the bean. Although the laryngeal extraction causes the voice not to come out, the tracheal system may also be able to obtain a substitute voice by shunt law. In addition, there is also an electrical larynx and esophageal vocalization method, which responds according to the wishes of the patient or family, and the situation of the wound after surgery. Whatever treatment you choose, there must be side effects, and radiation treatments include dry mouth, decreased taste, and mucosal cancer. In addition, in surgery, there is a decrease in function according to the range of resection, so reconstruction surgery using a glass spread valve minimizes deterioration.

arrangement

It is also known that more than 95 percent of patients with pharyngeal cancer are smokers. Therefore, it can be said to be a cancer that is easy to prevent by quitting smoking. Also, avoid continuous drinking of people with flashy face that turns red due to drinking. Early symptoms of pharyngeal cancer include neck discomfort, mild pain, and neck lumps. When you feel the initial symptoms seen in the introduced pharyngeal cancer, such as a feeling of discomfort in the pharynx, it is important to see a doctor at a hospital with an otolaryngology department at an early stage.