Do you know the symptoms of 'chronic nephritis'? What are the causes, typical diseases and treatments?

 

There is a pair of left and right on the back, and the bean-shaped kidneys make urine to release waste and moisture and maintain the balance of moisture in the body. However, proper treatment is needed because inflammation can occur in a part of the kidney called glomerulus, and when it becomes chronic, it becomes a disease called chronic nephritis, which puts pressure on the kidney. This time, we will explain what kind of disease chronic nephritis is, symptoms or causes, representative diseases, and treatments.

What is chronic nephritis?

What kind of disease is chronic nephritis?

The official name of nephritis is "glomerular nephritis," and chronic nephritis is correctly called "manseong spherical nephritis." Chronic nephritis is a chronic condition of glomerulonephritis, characterized by lesions in areas called glomerulonephritis in the kidney.

Chronic nephritis is not a single disease, but a generic term for several nephritis that goes through a long process. The continuation of the lesion over a long period of more than a year is called chronic nephritis.

A representative chronic nephritis is 'IgA nephropathy'. Recent studies have also found that there are several types of chronic nephritis and that symptoms are difficult to progress.

the action of the kidneys and glomerulus

The kidneys are about 10cm-sized organs with one left and right on the back. Inside the kidney, there's a glomerulus and a tubule, and we're making urine in it. Urine produced by the kidneys accumulates in the bladder through the ureter and is excreted outside the body.

The glomerulus is at the tip of the artery that sends blood to the kidneys. It is a spherical mass formed by collecting capillaries and filtering blood to make urine.

In addition, the kidneys play a role in converting waste and moisture generated in the body into urine. It also plays many roles, including controlling the amount of red blood cells made, ion control such as potassium and calcium, acidity and alkalinity in the body, and bone control due to vitamin D activation.

chronic nephritis symptoms

Chronic nephritis varies depending on the type of disease, but the following symptoms usually occur.

• hematuria
• proteinuria
• dizziness
• stiff shoulders
• a headache
• Swelling
• a sense of boredom
• distrust of appetite

Among them, hematuria and proteinuria last for more than a year are characteristics of chronic nephritis and are the diagnostic criteria. If chronic kidney inflammation progresses and the kidney itself deteriorates or proteinuria occurs in large quantities, edema, fatigue, and lack of appetite may occur.

Usually, chronic nephritis progresses slowly, so chronic nephritis is often found after being pointed out by proteinuria or hematuria in urine tests at school or work. Therefore, urine tests such as examinations become important.

the cause of chronic nephritis

It is thought that IgA nephropathy, a representative disease of chronic nephritis, is often caused by abnormal immune responses. Usually, our body is protected by "immunity" that protects the body from external sources such as bacteria and viruses, and there are "IgA", "IgG", and "IgM" called immunoglobulin in the immune system. These immunoglobulins are characterized by eradicating bacteria or viruses when they enter the body.

However, due to some abnormality, the immunoglobulin itself can be attached to the glomerulus of the kidney. Then the glomerulus becomes inflamed and destroys the tissue. The cause of chronic nephritis as a whole is unclear, and there may be immune abnormalities, bacteria and viruses, and genetic predisposition.

a typical disease of chronic nephritis

Typical diseases of chronic nephritis include "IgA nephropathy," "Membrane nephropathy," and "Automatic Nephropathy." Among them, IgA nephropathy is the most common cause.

IgA's credentials

IgA nephropathy is the most frequent cause of glomerulonephritis. It occurs widely from children to adults, and is relatively common in young people, but it occurs in a wide range of ages.

The obvious cause of IgA nephropathy is not known, but I think it is because "IgA," an immunoglobulin, is deposited in the glomerulus of the kidney, causing inflammation.

IgA nephropathy is basically asymptomatic, and most of them are found after being pointed out by urine tests at school or work.Some of them show hematuria symptoms after suffering from enteritis that causes upper respiratory tract inflammation, tonsillitis, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, and are examined at a medical institution to know the disease.

Magnetic nephropathy

Membrane nephropathy is one of the Nephrotic syndrome, where proteinuria is high. Nephrolase syndrome is defined as "proteinuria of more than 3.5 g a day and albumin concentration of 3.0 g/dL or less in the blood." The causes of membrane nephropathy include infection, teacher's disease, and cancer.

It is a disease that occurs a lot in the age group after middle age, with a lot of proteinuria and symptoms such as urine bubbles, swelling, and high blood pressure. Blood tests admit low albuminemia and elevated cholesterol levels.

anaphylactic nephritis

Auto-discriminatory nephritis is a disease in which red dot bleeding occurs frequently in the lower extremities and kidney inflammation occurs due to abdominal pain or joint pain. It occurs when immunoglobulin "IgA" is deposited in the blood vessels of the organs causing inflammation.

It is a common disease in children, but even adults develop it. If the kidney is inflamed, symptoms such as proteinuria or hematuria appear, and if it becomes severe, kidney function may deteriorate rapidly.

a subject for chronic nephritis

If you have symptoms that you are concerned about, such as urine smell, color, or poor condition, let's first see a doctor at the internal medicine. If protein urine or hematuria is pointed out in a medical examination, etc., see a doctor in kidney medicine.

a test for chronic nephritis

In chronic nephritis, detailed tests such as urine test, blood test, burn test, and kidney test are performed. Kidney biopsy is the most useful test for accurate diagnosis. Kidney biopsy takes a part of kidney tissue and checks the sample under a microscope to determine kidney abnormalities.

the sex/age difference of chronic nephritis

Chronic nephritis is known to be many diseases for men abroad, but there is no clear gender difference in Korea. Age differences are relatively common in young people, but occur in all ages. Magnetic nephropathy is known to occur a lot in the age group after middle age. Auto-discriminatory nephritis is common in childhood, but it is also characterized by the development of adults.

a cure for chronic nephritis

Chronic nephritis involves diet or medication. It is important to be careful about eating too much salt and to be conscious of a balanced diet. Drug therapy uses antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure and steroids to control inflammation. If edema is strong, diuretics are used to promote the excretion of salt or moisture in the blood.

Smoking cessation and maintaining blood pressure are also important in everyday life. Avoid severe exercise or overwork because it can worsen symptoms. IgA nephropathy provides a treatment called "steroid pulse therapy" that suppresses immunity and inflammation after tonsil removal. Kidney function is normal, but proteinuria or hematuria can be seen a lot, and detailed tests such as kidney biopsy are applied to those with many active lesions or young people.

arrangement

Chronic nephritis is characterized by lesions in areas called glomerulae in the kidney when glomerulonephritis becomes chronic. A disease in which proteinuria or hematuria occurs over a year is collectively called chronic nephritis. The cause is thought to be caused by abnormal immune responses, and it is a disease that is often found after being pointed out by urine tests at school or work. The basis of treatment is diet and medication. If you have any symptoms you are concerned about, let's see an internal medicine or kidney medicine.